Peran Guru Sekolah Dasar dalam Pembelajaran Inklusif: Sebuah Tinjauan Literatur
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51577/ijipublication.v5i3.669Keywords:
Guru Sekolah Dasar, Pendidikan Inklusif, Kompetensi Guru, Tinjauan Literatur, Pembelajaran AdaptifAbstract
Pendidikan inklusif merupakan pendekatan yang menekankan akses pendidikan yang setara bagi semua anak, termasuk mereka yang memiliki kebutuhan khusus. Dalam konteks ini, guru sekolah dasar memegang peran kunci sebagai fasilitator, pelaksana kurikulum, dan agen perubahan dalam menciptakan lingkungan belajar yang inklusif. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk meninjau secara sistematis literatur yang membahas peran guru sekolah dasar dalam pembelajaran inklusif dengan mengkaji empat dimensi kompetensi: pedagogik, profesional, sosial, dan kepribadian. Metode yang digunakan adalah systematic literature review (SLR) dengan menganalisis 20 artikel terpilih dari jurnal nasional dan internasional dalam kurun waktu 2013–2023. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa keberhasilan pendidikan inklusif sangat bergantung pada kesiapan guru dalam merancang pembelajaran adaptif, membangun relasi sosial positif, serta memiliki pemahaman dan sikap inklusif terhadap keragaman peserta didik. Meskipun demikian, masih terdapat berbagai tantangan dalam implementasinya, seperti keterbatasan pelatihan, sarana pendukung, dan kolaborasi profesional. Oleh karena itu, dibutuhkan strategi penguatan kapasitas guru secara sistemik, berkelanjutan, dan kolaboratif agar dapat mewujudkan pendidikan dasar yang inklusif dan berkeadilan.
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