Tendensi Resentralisasi dalam Praktik Otonomi Daerah: Kajian Kritis Terhadap Dinamika Kebijakan Pemerintahan Daerah di Indonesia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51577/ijipublication.v6i3.974Keywords:
Resentralisasi, Otonomi Daerah, Desentralisasi, Kebijakan Pemerintahan, Relasi Pusat dan DaerahAbstract
Sejak bergulirnya reformasi pada akhir dekade 1990-an, Indonesia menempuh jalur desentralisasi melalui serangkaian kebijakan otonomi daerah yang bertujuan memperkuat demokrasi lokal dan efektivitas pelayanan publik. Namun, dalam perkembangannya, berbagai kebijakan pemerintah pusat justru menunjukkan kecenderungan resentralisasi melalui penarikan kembali sebagian kewenangan daerah. Artikel ini bertujuan menganalisis tendensi resentralisasi dalam praktik otonomi daerah di Indonesia melalui kajian terhadap dinamika regulasi, relasi fiskal pusat-daerah, dan mekanisme pengawasan pemerintahan daerah. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode studi literatur dan analisis dokumen kebijakan. Data dianalisis melalui teknik content analysis dan analisis kritis-interpretatif terhadap regulasi, laporan kelembagaan, serta literatur akademik yang relevan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa resentralisasi di Indonesia berlangsung tidak hanya melalui perubahan regulasi formal, tetapi juga melalui kebijakan teknis yang memperkuat kontrol pemerintah pusat terhadap daerah. Faktor-faktor pendorongnya meliputi kepentingan nasional dalam pengelolaan sumber daya strategis, lemahnya kapasitas fiskal dan administratif daerah, serta ketimpangan pembangunan antarwilayah. Kajian ini menegaskan bahwa dinamika hubungan desentralisasi dan resentralisasi mencerminkan tarik-menarik antara kebutuhan efisiensi tata kelola pemerintahan dan tuntutan penguatan demokrasi lokal. Artikel ini diharapkan dapat memberikan kontribusi akademik dalam pengembangan kebijakan desentralisasi yang lebih adaptif, berkeadilan, dan responsif terhadap kebutuhan masyarakat daerah.
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